1. 创建表:
CREATE TABLE employee (
emp_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(100),
salary INTEGER
);
2. 插入一些数据:
INSERT INTO employee (emp_name, salary) VALUES
('John Doe', 50000),
('Jane Smith', 60000),
('Bob Johnson', 75000);
3. 创建触发器函数(用 C 编写):
#include "postgres.h"
#include "fmgr.h"
#include "executor/spi.h"
PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(update_salary_trigger);
Datum
update_salary_trigger(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
TriggerData *trigdata = (TriggerData *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
TupleDesc tupdesc;
HeapTuple newtuple;
Datum *values;
bool *nulls;
if (!CALLED_AS_TRIGGER(fcinfo)) /* internal error */
elog(ERROR, "not fired by trigger manager");
if (!TRIGGER_FIRED_FOR_ROW(trigdata->tg_event)) /* must be row-level trigger */
elog(ERROR, "trigger not fired for row events");
if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BEFORE(trigdata->tg_event)) /* must be BEFORE trigger */
elog(ERROR, "trigger not fired before event");
tupdesc = trigdata->tg_relation->rd_att;
if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event))
{
newtuple = trigdata->tg_newtuple;
}
else
{
elog(ERROR, "unsupported event type");
PG_RETURN_NULL();
}
SPI_connect();
values = (Datum *) palloc(tupdesc->natts * sizeof(Datum));
nulls = (bool *) palloc(tupdesc->natts * sizeof(bool));
for (int i = 0; i < tupdesc->natts; i++)
{
values[i] = SPI_getbinval(newtuple, tupdesc, i + 1, &nulls[i]);
}
// Modify the salary field
if (!nulls[2]) // Assuming salary is the third column
{
int *salary = (int *) &(values[2]);
*salary *= 2;
}
// Update the tuple
SPI_modifytuple(trigdata->tg_relation, newtuple, 1, SPI_modify_update, values, nulls);
SPI_finish();
PG_RETURN_NULL();
}
4. 编写 Makefile 文件:
MODULES = update_salary_trigger
PG_CONFIG = pg_config
PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
include $(PGXS)
5. 编译 C 代码并生成共享库:
在命令行中运行 make,它将编译并生成共享库文件 update_salary_trigger.so。
6. 创建触发器:
-- 创建触发器函数
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_salary_trigger()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS '$libdir/update_salary_trigger.so'
LANGUAGE C;
-- 创建触发器
CREATE TRIGGER before_update_salary
BEFORE UPDATE ON employee
FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE FUNCTION update_salary_trigger();
在上述示例中,我们创建了一个表 employee,并向其中插入了一些数据。然后,我们定义了一个触发器函数 update_salary_trigger,该函数会在每次更新 employee 表的数据时将 salary 字段的值加倍。最后,我们创建了一个 BEFORE UPDATE 的触发器 before_update_salary,将其关联到 employee 表上,以在每次更新之前触发。
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